XXXI
‘Liberos cuique ac propinquos suos natura carissimos (cuique …carissimos: ‘dearest to each one [of us]’) esse voluit: hi per dilectus alibi servituri (servituri: ‘destined to become slaves’; the use of the future participle as a verbal adjective to denote tendency, likelihood, or purpose became common in later Latin; cf. G. 283. Originally it served to form the active periphrastic tenses with sum; cf. G. 247; cf. also laturi and ituri in aciem near the end of this and next chapter respectively.) auferuntur; coniuges sororesque etiam si hostilem libidinem effugerunt, nomine amicorum atque hospitum (nomine amicorum atque hospitum: ‘on the pretext of friendship and hospitality’) polluuntur. Bona fortunaeque in tributum, ager atque annus (bona fortunaeque … ager atque annus: hendiadys: ‘possessions + treasures’, ‘land + produce’) in frumentum (in frumentum: ‘destined for their granaries’) corpora ipsa ac manus silvis ac paludibus emuniendis inter verbera et contumelias (inter verbera et contumelias: ‘amid lashes and jeers’) conteruntur. Nata servituti mancipia semel veneunt, atque ultro a dominis aluntur: Britannia servitutem suam cotidie emit, cotidie pascit. Ac sicut in familia recentissimus quisque servorum etiam conservis ludibrio est, (conservis ludibrio est: double dat., ‘is for mockery to his fellows’; cf. sibi quisque praesidio in ch. 22.) sic in hoc orbis terrarum vetere famulatu (in hoc orbis terrarum vetere famulatu: ‘in this old slavery of the world’) novi nos et viles in excidium petimur; neque enim arva nobis aut metalla aut portus sunt, quibus exercendis reservemur (quibus …reservemur: subjunctive in rel. clause of final sense) virtus porro (porro: ‘furthermore’) ac ferocia subiectorum ingrata imperantibus; et longinquitas ac secretum ipsum quo tutius, eo suspectius. (quo tutius [est], eo suspectius [est]: example of use of quo …eo in comp. sentences, where eo is the correlative in the main clause and quo introduces the subordinate clause) Ita sublata spe veniae (sublata spe veniae: abl. abs., ‘hope of pardon being abandoned’) tandem (tandem: expresses urgency and impatience, ‘once and for all’) sumite animum, tam quibus salus quam quibus gloria carissima est. (tam quibus salus quam quibus gloria carissima est: tam …quam, ‘as …as’: lit. ‘as men to whom safety is precious as to them glory is’) Brigantes (Brigantes: this tribe from northern England did not participate in Boudicca’s revolt; Tacitus probably means Trinobantes; for Boudicca’s revolt see ch. 16.) femina duce exurere coloniam, expugnare castra, ac nisi felicitas in socordiam vertisset, exuere iugum potuere: (potuere: the hist. perfect in apodosis of an unreal conditional sentence –in place of potuissent –is meant to express confidence in the outcome, had the condition not intervened; cf. G. 597, R 2.) nos integri et indomiti et in libertatem, non in paenitentiam laturi; (in libertatem, non in paenitentiam laturi: ‘we are going to bear the burden for liberty, not for repentance’; for laturi cf. note for servituri above.) primo statim congress (primo statim congressu: ‘in the very first encounter’) ostendamus, (ostendamus: hortatory subjunctive) quos sibi (sibi: dat. of interest) Caledonia viros seposuerit.