XLV.
Igitur non modo Cherusci sociique eorum, vetus Arminii miles, sumpsere bellum, sed e regno etiam Marobodui Suebae gentes, Semnones ac Langobardi, defecere ad eum. quibus additis praepollebat, ni Inguiomerus cum manu clientium ad Maroboduum perfugisset, (Semnones ac Langobardi defecere ad eum. quibus additis praepollebat, ni Inguiomerus cum manu clientium ad Maroboduum perfugisset: the Semnones and the Longobardi were settled, like the Suevi of which they were perhaps a part, east of the Elbe river, the Longobards being north of the Semnones. The vast territory of the Suevi extended from the Danube to the Baltic. Inguiomerus was Arminius’ paternal uncle, the brother of Segimerus major. See Book 1, ch. 35: lit. ‘the Semnones and the Longobardi defected to him, which [forces] being added, he was superior in numbers, if Inguiomerus had not fled to Maroboduus with a large band of followers.’ praepollebat, ni …perfugisset: conditional sentence of the unreal kind (type III) with plup. subjunctive in the protasis for condition contrary to fact in past time and imperfect indicative in apodosis for action interrupted (G. 597, Remark 2 and 233.).) non aliam ob causam quam quia fratris filio iuveni (iuveni: Arminius was then 35 years old.) patruus senex parere dedignabatur. deriguntur acies, pari utrimque spe, nec, ut olim apud Germanos, vagis incursibus aut disiectas per catervas: quippe longa adversum nos militia insueverant sequi signa, subsidiis firmari, dicta imperatorum accipere. ac tunc Arminius equo conlustrans cuncta, ut quosque advectus erat, (ut quosque advectus erat: ‘as he rode up to each band’; ut + subjunctive is here temporal, ‘when’, ‘as soon as’, ‘each time that …’.) reciperatam libertatem, trucidatas legiones, spolia adhuc et tela Romanis derepta in manibus multorum ostentabat; contra fugacem Maroboduum appellans, proeliorum expertem, Hercyniae latebris defensum; (Hercyniae latebris defensum: ‘protected by the Hercynian recesses’; Hercyniae latebris is abl. of agent, without a or ab when the agent is inanimate. The immense forest occupied all the high ground in central Germany north of the Danube, from the Rhine east to the Carpathian mountain range in Rumania.) ac mox per dona et legationes petivisse foedus, proditorem patriae, satellitem Caesaris, haud minus infensis animis exturbandum quam Varum Quintilium interfecerint. (haud minus infensis animis exturbandum quam Varum Quintilium interfecerint: in oratio obliqua from appellans on: ‘[that Maroboduus was] to be ejected with the same unsparing harshness with which they killed Quintilius Varus’; the clause is elliptic for haud minus infensis animis exturbandum [esse] quam [quibus …] interfecerint, where quibus stands for infensis animis. The perfect subjunctive interfecerint, for rel. clause in indirect speech, reflects the perfect indicative interfecerunt of direct speech.) meminissent modo tot proeliorum, quorum eventu et ad postremum eiectis Romanis satis probatum, penes utros summa belli fuerit. (meminissent modo tot proeliorum, quorum eventu et ad postremum eiectis Romanis satis probatum, penes utros summa belli fuerit: ‘that they should only remember the many battles with the success of which and in the end with the expulsion of the Romans it was sufficiently proven to which of the two people (Cherusci or Suevi) belonged the mastery in war’; meminissent …proeliorum: the Latin plup. meminissent has the force of the English imperfect, here hortative or jussive subjunctive with genitive of the thing remembered; corresponds to the imperative mementote of direct speech. eiectis Romanis is abl. abs., ‘the Romans having been expelled’; probatum [esse] is impersonal use of passive, ‘it was demonstrated’. penes utros … fuerit: subjunctive in indir, question introduced by penes utros, ‘in the hands of which set of people [was the victory]?’)