XVIII.
sic in Gallias Germaniasque intentus, si destinata provenissent, validissimarum ditissimarumque nationum regno imminebat. (si destinata provenissent, validissimarum ditissimarumque nationum regno imminebat: conditional sentence of the unreal type: ‘if his intent had been realized, he was poised to make himself master of the kingdom of the strongest and richest nations.’ regno is dative with imminebat. The imperfect indicative in the apodosis indicates certainty in the outcome.) At Flaccus Hordeonius (Flaccus Hordeonius: governor of Germania Superior) primos Civilis conatus per dissimulationem aluit: ubi expugnata castra, deletas cohortis, pulsum Batavorum insula Romanum nomen (pulsum Batavorum insula Romanum nomen: indir. speech after adferebant: ‘that Roman presence had been banned from the island of the Batavi’) trepidi nuntii adferebant, Munium Lupercum legatum (is duarum legionum hibernis (duarum legionum hibernis: the Fifth and the Fifteenth legion, quartered in the Vetera [Castra] camp near modern Xanten in the Wesel district, near the Dutch – German border, on the left bank of the Rhine.) praeerat) egredi adversus hostem iubet. Lupercus legionarios e praesentibus, Vbios e proximis, (e praesentibus … e proximis: e or ex + ablative in place of partitive genitive. Cf. A.G. 346, c.) Trevirorum equites haud longe agentis raptim transmisit, (raptim transmisit: ‘he rapidly moved his troops across [the Rhine to the island of the Batavi].’) addita Batavorum ala, quae iam pridem corrupta fidem simulabat, ut proditis in ipsa acie Romanis maiore pretio fugeret. (ut proditis in ipsa acie Romanis maiore pretio fugeret: purpose clause and abl abs.: ‘so that they might defect at a higher price, the Romans having been betrayed during the battle itself’) Civilis captarum cohortium signis circumdatus, ut suo militi recens gloria ante oculos et hostes memoria cladis terrerentur, matrem suam sororesque, simul omnium coniuges parvosque liberos consistere a tergo iubet, hortamenta victoriae vel pulsis pudorem. (hortamenta victoriae vel pulsis pudorem: hortamenta and pudorem are appositions of matrem …sorores …coniuges parvosque in previous line: ‘encouragements for victory or shaming for defeat’) ut virorum cantu, feminarum ululatu sonuit acies, nequaquam par a legionibus cohortibusque redditur clamor. nudaverat sinistrum cornu Batavorum ala transfugiens statimque in nos versa. sed legionarius miles, quamquam rebus trepidis, (quamquam rebus trepidis: quamquam used as adverb in an abl. abs.) arma ordinesque retinebat. Vbiorum Trevirorumque auxilia foeda fuga dispersa totis campis palantur: (totis campis palantur: ‘they scattered all over the fields.’) illuc incubuere Germani, (illuc incubuere Germani: ‘the Germans directed their efforts to the pursuit of the fugitives.’ illuc: ‘in the direction [of those fleeing]’) et fuit interim effugium legionibus in castra, quibus Veterum nomen est. (et fuit interim effugium legionibus in castra, quibus Veterum nomen est: ‘and this was for the time being an escape for the legions into the camp, which is known as the camp of the Veterans (see note above for duarum legionum hibernis); quibus Veterum nomen est: lit. ‘for which the name is …’ quibus is dative of possessor with est.) praefectus alae Batavorum Claudius Labeo, oppidano certamine aemulus Civili, (oppidano certamine aemulus Civili: ‘the rival of Civilis in some municipal squabble’; Civili is dative with aemulus in place of genitive.) ne interfectus invidiam apud popularis vel, si retineretur, semina discordiae praeberet, (ne interfectus invidiam apud popularis vel, si retineretur, semina discordiae praeberet: ne introduces a negative purpose clause which serves as apodosis in a conditional sentence of which si retineretur is the protasis: ‘to avoid that, being murdered, he might provoke outrage among the people or, if allowed to stay, provide the seeds of discord, …’) in Frisios avehitur.